Q: Surprised by such easy gains in the East, the Republic quickly decided to exploit Portugal's weakness in the Americas. In 1621 the Geoctroyeerde Westindische Compagnie  was created to take control of the sugar trade and colonise America . The Company benefited from a large investment in capital, drawing on the enthusiasm of the best financiers and capitalists of the Republic, such as Isaac de Pinto, by origin a Portuguese Jew. The Dutch West India Company would not, however, be as successful as its eastern counterpart. The Dutch invasion began in 1624 with the conquest of the then capital of the State of Brazil, the city of São Salvador da Bahia, but the Dutch conquest was short lived. In 1625, a joint Spanish-Portuguese fleet of 52 ships and 12,000 men rapidly recaptured Salvador. In 1630 the Dutch returned, and captured Olinda and then Recife, renamed Mauritsstadt, thus establishing the colony of New Holland. The Portuguese commander Matias de Albuquerque retreated his forces inland, to establish a camp dubbed Arraial do Bom Jesus. Until 1635, the Dutch were unable to harvest sugar due to Portuguese guerrilla attacks, and were virtually confined to the walled perimeter of the cities. Eventually, the Dutch evicted the Portuguese with the assistance of a local landlord named Domingos Fernandes Calabar, but on his retreat to Bahia, Matias de Albuquerque captured Calabar at Porto Calvo, and had him hang for treason. The Portuguese fought back two Dutch attacks on Bahia in 1638. Nonenetheless, by 1641 the Dutch captured São Luís, leaving them in control of northwestern Brazil between Maranhão and Sergipe in the south
Who was unable to harvest sugar, and until when?
A: Dutch

Q: When the order was restored, Murad Pasha marched against Abbas I who was in Tabriz in 1610. Although the two armies met in  Acıçay, north of Tabriz, no engagement or action took place. Due to the problems in the logistics, supply chain and the approaching winter Murad Pasha withdrew his forces to Diyarbakır. While being engaged in diplomatic correspondence with Abbas I for peace and preparing his army for another campaign at the same time he died on 5 August 1611 when he was older than 90. Nasuh Pasha was appointed as the new grand vizier and the commander of the eastern armies. He sued for peace, too, and accepted the proposal of the Safevid side in 1611. The Treaty of Nasuh Pasha was signed on 20 November 1612. The agreement secured the 1555 borders envisaged by the Peace of Amasya. Shah Abbas however, committed himself to send 200 bales of raw silk annually.
How many years passed between the Peace of Amasya and the Treaty of Nasuh Pasha?
A: 57

Q: Following their bye week, the Raiders traveled to Mexico City for a home game against the AFC-leading Patriots. With a loss by the Chiefs earlier in the day, the Raiders looked to move within one game of the division lead. The Patriots quickly shut out any hope of a win, scoring touchdowns on two of their first three possessions to take a 14-0 lead. With under two minutes remaining in the half, the Raiders drove inside the New England 20 yard line in an attempt to cut the lead in half. Derek Carr hit Seth Roberts at the New England three, but Roberts did not properly secure the ball and fumbled, turning the ball over to Tom Brady and the Patriots with 33 seconds remaining in the half. New England quickly moved to the Raider 45 and Stephen Gostkowski connected on a 62-yard field goal as the half ended to move the lead to 17-0. In the second half, things got even worse for the Raiders as the Patriots scored on their third play, a Brady 64-yard pass to Brandin Cooks to extend the lead to 24 and end any hope of a Raider win. Two more Gostkowski field goals in the third quarter moved the lead to 30-0 entering the fourth quarter. Carr did hit Amari Cooper from nine yards out and converted the two-point play early in the fourth quarter. Another Gostkowski field goal ended the scoring as the Patriots dismantled the Raiders 33-8. The loss moved the Raiders to 4-6 on the season as they remained two games behind the Chiefs in the AFC West. The Raiders were out-gained 420-344 on the day as the Raiders' defense continued its season-long struggle.
How many points were scored in the first half?
A: 17

Q: On December 23, 1918, Milutinović's troops ended a smaller uprising in Rijeka Crnojevića and stopped an attack by the Greens on Nikšić. The next day, about 250 Serbian troops and 850 volunteers from nearby Montenegrin clans fought a formation of approximately 1,500 to 2,000 rebel Greens in Cetinje. On January 6, 1919, the Greens initiated a siege on Cetinje, killing some members of the Great National Assembly and killing some Whites. After that, the Greens experienced severe factionalism, in addition to facing the militarily stronger Whites.
How many days after Milutinović's troops ended the uprising in Rijeka Crnojevića did the Greens initiated a siege on Cetinje?
A:
14