Problem: With the rapid growth and consolidation of large railroad systems after 1870, union organizations sprang up, covering the entire nation. By 1901, 17 major railway brotherhoods were in operation; they generally worked amicably with management, which recognized their usefulness. Key unions included the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers , Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Division , the Order of Railway Conductors, the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, and the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen. Their main goal was building insurance and medical packages for their members, and negotiating bureaucratic work rules that favored their membership, such as seniority and grievance procedures. They were not members of the AFL, and fought off more radical rivals such as the Knights of Labor in the 1880s and the American Railroad Union in the 1890s. They consolidated their power in 1916, after threatening a national strike, by securing the Adamson Act, a federal law that provided 10 hours pay for an eight-hour day. At the end of World War I they promoted nationalization of the railroads, and conducted a national strike in 1919. Both programs failed, and the brotherhoods were largely stagnant in the 1920s. They generally were independent politically, but supported the third party campaign of Robert M. La Follette Sr. in 1924.

Who consolidated power in 1916?
Answer: union organizations

Problem: The Eagles lost 16-13 to the New York Giants. The Eagles, with Donovan McNabb back under center, scored on their opening drive with Brian Westbrook finding the end zone on an 18-yard pass from McNabb. The Giants scored an FG after having first-and-goal from the one-yard line. Another New York field goal just before halftime left the score 7-6. A fumble recovery gave Philadelphia the ball at the Giant eight-yard line, and David Akers kicked a short field goal. Later in the third quarter, Westbrook fumbled and Sam Madison recovered for New York. Eli Manning connected with Plaxico Burress for a 20-yard touchdown two plays later giving the Giants a 13-10 lead. A 41-yard pass to Burress set up another Lawrence Tynes field goal making it 16-10. Akers kicked a 39-yarder after a nearly eight-minute drive by the Eagles in the fourth quarter. On the Eagles' next drive, they crossed into Giant territory, but turned the ball over on downs. After a three-and-out, New York punter Jeff Feagles kicked the ball to the Eagles' 11-yard line with&#160;:51 to play and no timeouts. McNabb led the Eagles down the field, giving Akers a chance from 57 yards out. Akers hit the right upright and the FG was missed with 1 second remaining. Westbrook rushed for 116 and had a receiving touchdown, while Trent Cole had two sacks. Burress had 136 yards and one score. The home loss leaves the Eagles at 5-8.

How many points did the Eagles lose by?
Answer: 3

Problem: Unlike France or Austria, the Crown of Spain could be inherited through the female line. This allowed Charles' sisters Maria Theresa  and Margaret Theresa  to pass their rights onto the children of their marriages with Louis XIV and Emperor Leopold. Despite being opponents for many years, Louis and William III attempted to resolve the Succession by diplomacy. This resulted in the 1698 Treaty of the Hague and 1700 Treaty of London or the First and Second Partition Treaties between France, Britain and the Dutch Republic.Maria Antonia , daughter of Leopold and Margaret, married Maximillian Emanuel of Bavaria in 1685 and they had one surviving son, Joseph Ferdinand. The 1698 Treaty made the six year old heir to the bulk of the Spanish Monarchy and divided its European territories between France and Austria. Imposing a solution to such an important issue on Spain and Austria always seemed unlikely, even without the deep levels of mutual mistrust between the signatories. The Spanish refused to accept the division of their Empire and on 14 November 1698, Charles published his Will, making Joseph Ferdinand heir to an independent and undivided Spanish Monarchy. When he died of smallpox in February 1699, an alternative was required.

How many months after Charles published his Will making Joseph Ferdinand heir to an independent Spanish Monarchy did Ferdinand die of smallpox?
Answer: 3

Problem: Trying to snap a four-game skid, the Bengals went home for a Week 7 intraconference duel, as they hosted the New York Jets for the first time in a decade.  In the first quarter, Cincinnati trailed early as Jets QB Chad Pennington completed a 57-yard TD pass to WR Laveranues Coles.  Fortunately, the Bengals would respond with kicker Shayne Graham getting a 20-yard field goal.  In the second quarter, New York increased its lead with kicker Mike Nugent getting a 24-yard and a 35-yard field goal.  Cincinnati would respond with RB Kenny Watson getting a 3-yard TD run.  The Jets would end the half with Pennington and Coles hooking up with each other again on a 36-yard field goal. In the third quarter, New York added onto its lead with Nugent kicking a 43-yard field goal.  Afterwards, the Bengals would respond with QB Carson Palmer completing a 3-yard TD pass to WR T. J. Houshmandzadeh.  In the fourth quarter, Cincinnati's offense took over as Watson added a 1-yard and a 2-yard TD run on to his magnificent day.  Afterwards, the Bengals defense sealed the win with CB Johnathan Joseph returning an interception 42 yards for a touchdown.  Afterwards, the Jets end the game with Pennington completing a 32-yard TD pass to WR Jerricho Cotchery. With their four-game skid snapped, Cincinnati kept its playoff hopes alive by improving to 2-4.

Who scored the first points of the game?
Answer:
Laveranues Coles