P: The Mongols' greatest triumph was when Kublai Khan established the Yuan dynasty in China in 1271. The Yuan dynasty created a "Han Army"  out of defected Jin troops and an army of defected Song troops called the "Newly Submitted Army" . The Mongol force which invaded southern China was far greater than the force they sent to invade the Middle East in 1256. The Yuan dynasty established the top-level government agency Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs to govern Tibet, which was conquered by the Mongols and put under Yuan rule. The Mongols also invaded Sakhalin Island between 1264 and 1308. Likewise, Korea  became a semi-autonomous vassal state and compulsory ally of the Yuan dynasty for about 80 years. The Yuan dynasty was eventually overthrown during the Red Turban Rebellion in 1368 by the Han Chinese who gained independence and established the Ming dynasty.
Answer this: How many years did the Mongols control Sakhalin Island?

A: 44
Problem: While Polish-Lithuanian army concentrated in Podolia, in deep south of the enormous Commonwealth, on August 19, 1621, a Swedish army landed near Pärnu , carried by a fleet of 148 vessels . Gustav Adolf had 14,700 infantry, 3,150 cavalry and 375 cannons. Swedes immediately marched towards Riga, and besieged it on 29 August. The capital of Livonia was defended by a garrison of 300 soldiers, plus 3,700 armed residents. Lithuanian Field Hetman Krzysztof Radziwiłł had only 1,500 soldiers at his disposal, as most units were in Podolia and Red Ruthenia. Riga capitulated on September 25, after a month siege and three assaults. On October 2, Swedes captured the fortress of Dunamunde. The invaders, marching through marshes and forests to avoid Lithuanian cavalry, entered the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, capturing its capital, Mitau without resistance. Swedes then tried to capture the fortress of Koknese, but failed to do so, after a skirmish with Lithuanian cavalry of Aleksander Gosiewski. In early January 1622, the Swedes captured Valmiera, together with several smaller Livonian castles. Meanwhile, the forces under Hetman Radziwill grew to 3 000, which enabled the Lithuanians to seal several Swedish garrisons. On January 7, Radziwiłł recaptured Mitau, but for lack of artillery, he failed to seize its castle, whose garrison did not capitulate until July 6. A few weeks later, in late July 1622, main Swedish forces reached Mittau, and a prolonged battle ensued. Since the battle turned into a stalemate, on August 10, 1622, both sides signed a truce, which in 1623 was prolonged until March 1625. During the negotiations, envoys of Gustav Adolf suggested a Swedish-Lithuanian union.

How many soldiers and residents in total defended the capital of Livonia?
Answer: 4000
Q: Coming off their bye week, the Bears flew to Lincoln Financial Field for a Week 9 Monday night duel with the Philadelphia Eagles. Chicago delivered the game's opening punch in the first quarter as quarterback Jay Cutler found tight end Matt Spaeth on a 5-yard touchdown pass.  The Bears added onto their lead in the second quarter with a 51-yard field goal from kicker Robbie Gould.  The Eagles would answer with kicker Alex Henery getting a 47-yard field goal, followed by linebacker Brian Rolle returned a fumble 22 yards for a touchdown, yet Chicago closed out the half with a 2-yard touchdown run from running back Marion Barber. Philadelphia took the lead in the third quarter with running back Ronnie Brown getting a 4-yard touchdown run, followed by running back LeSean McCoy getting a 33-yard touchdown run.  The Bears replied with a 38-yard field goal from Gould.  Afterwards, Chicago regained the lead in the fourth quarter with Cutler connecting with wide receiver Earl Bennett on a 5-yard touchdown pass. On the Eagles possession, punter Chas Henry attempted to pass to Colt Anderson on a fake punt, which fell short.Gould would then make a 22-yard field goal. The Eagles tried to rally, but the Bears defense would hold on for the victory.
Who threw the first touchdown pass of the game?
A: Jay Cutler
P: Trying to snap a seven-game slide, the Ravens flew to Dolphin Stadium for a Week 15 intraconference duel with winless Miami Dolphins.  In the first quarter, Baltimore took flight early as kicker Matt Stover managed to get a 27-yard field goal for the only score of the period.  In the second quarter, the Ravens increased their lead as Stover kicked a 39-yard field goal.  The Dolphins would get on the board with kicker Jay Feely getting a 23-yard field goal.  Baltimore would end the half as QB Kyle Boller completed a 17-yard TD pass to WR Derrick Mason. In the third quarter, Miami began to rally as RB Samkon Gado got a 7-yard TD run for the only score of the period.  In the fourth quarter, the Dolphins took the lead as Feely kicked a 22-yard and a 29-yard field goal.  The Ravens would tie the game with Stover nailing an 18-yard field goal.  However, in overtime, the Dolphins would seal their first, and only, win of the year as QB Cleo Lemon completed a 64-yard TD pass to WR Greg Camarillo. With their eighth-straight loss, the Ravens fell to 4-10. The win for the Dolphins turned out to be their only victory of the season as they improved to 1-13.
Answer this: How many yards was the shortest field goal?

A:
18