Question:
In 1572, the throne of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, at the time the largest and one of the most populous states in Europe, was vacated when King Sigismund II of Poland died without heirs. The Sejm was given the power to elect a new king, and in the Polish-Lithuanian royal election, 1573 chose Henry of France; Henry soon ascended the French throne and forfeited the Polish one by returning to France. Báthory decided to enter into the election; in the meantime he had to defeat another attempt by Bekes to challenge his authority in Transylvania, which he did by defeating Bekes at the Battle of Sinpaul. On 12 December 1575, after an interregnum of roughly one and a half years, primate of Poland Jakub Uchański, representing a pro-Habsburg faction, declared Emperor Maximilian II as the new monarch. However, chancellor Jan Zamoyski and other opponents of Habsburgs persuaded many of the lesser nobility to demand a Piast king, a Polish king. After a heated discussion, it was decided that Anna Jagiellon, sister of the former King Sigismund II Augustus, should be elected King of Poland and marry Stephen Báthory. In January 1576 Báthory passed the mantle of Voivode of Transylvania to his brother Christopher Báthory and departed for Poland. On 1 May 1576 Báthory married Anna and was crowned King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania. After being chosen as king in the Polish-Lithuanian royal election, 1576, Báthory also began using the title of the Prince of Transylvania.

Who ruled Poland first, King Sigismund II or Henry of France?

Answer:
King Sigismund II


Question:
The Eagles donned their throwback uniforms (in celebration of the franchise's 50th Anniversary of their 1960 championship team) and began their season at home for an NFC duel with the Green Bay Packers.  In the first quarter, Philadelphia had the early lead with kicker David Akers making a 45-yard field goal, but failed to maintain it in the second quarter with Packers kicker Mason Crosby nailing a 49-yard field goal, followed by quarterback Aaron Rodgers throwing  a 6-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Donald Driver, followed by Crosby hitting a 56-yard field goal. In the third quarter, the Green Bay fullback John Kuhn pushed up the middle for a 3-yard touchdown run, but replied with running back LeSean McCoy running in a 12-yard TD run. However, the Packers extended their lead with Rodgers bombing a 32-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Greg Jennings. The Eagles cut the lead in the 4th quarter with quarterback Michael Vick tossing a 17-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Jeremy Maclin, and with Akers nailing a 24-yard field goal, but couldn't do enough, giving the Eagles a loss. With the loss, the Eagles began the season at 0-1. They also lost Leonard Weaver, who was considered to be the best fullback in the NFL in 2009 and had just been signed to a record-breaking fullback, to a career ending injury.

How many yards longest was Mason Crosby's longest field goal than his shortest?

Answer:
7


Question:
There were two main movements for the west side. The first one was performed while Ottomans were dealing with the Greek uprising, see Greek War of Independence.The Greeks' independence war led to the Russian forces advancing into Bulgaria before the Turks sued for peace. The resulting Treaty of Adrianople  on September 14, 1829, gave Russia most of the eastern shore of the Black Sea and the mouth of the Danube. The second independence movement happened during the uprisings. See Bosnia and Herzegovina: 19th-20th centuries, Romanian War of Independence. An uprising against Ottoman rule began in Herzegovina in July 1875. The Bulgarians organised the April Uprising, which lasted from April to May 1876. Serbia achieved autonomy and Russia was allowed to occupy Moldavia and Wallachia  until Turkey had paid a large indemnity. The uprisings raised a chance for Russia  and Austria-Hungary , who made the secret Reichstadt Agreement on July 8, on partitioning the Balkan peninsula depending on the outcome. During the Russo-Turkish war of 1877-1878, in February 1878 the Russian army had almost reached the Ottoman capital but, scared the city might fall, the British sent a fleet of battleships to intimidate Russia from entering the Ottoman capital. Under pressure from the British fleet to negotiate on the outcome of the war, Russia agreed a settlement under the Treaty of San Stefano on March 3, by which the Ottoman Empire recognized the independence of its former provinces Romania, Serbia and Montenegro and autonomy of Bulgaria. The Congress of Berlin also allowed Austria to occupy Bosnia and Herzegovina and Great Britain to take over Cyprus.

Which war occurred first, Greek War of Independence or the Russo-Turkish war?

Answer:
Greek War of Independence


Question:
 The Indianapolis Colts home opener had their 2011 home opener against the 0-1 Cleveland Browns.  The first quarter saw both teams getting into offensive and defensive rhythms and ended with the Colts holding only a 3-0 lead on an Adam Vinatieri field goal.  Heading to the second quarter, the Colts offense began to pick up behind Kerry Collins, rookie Delone Carter, and Joseph Addai.  However much of the success faded once Indianapolis reached the red zone, and were only able to come away with two field goals during the quarter.  Cleveland, however, was able to capitalize on the Colts defense, and saw a touchdown pass from Colt McCoy and a touchdown run from Peyton Hillis.  Cleveland went into halftime with a 14-9 lead.  The Indianapolis defense was able to stop Cleveland for most of the third quarter, and allowed the struggling offensive to close the gap with a fourth Vinatieri field goal, with Cleveland still holding a 14-12 lead into the fourth quarter.  Cleveland quickly drove down the field and started the quarter with a Phil Dawson field goal, allowing the Colts to remain in contention for the victory.  However, after turnovers and an inability to produce on offense, Cleveland broke the game open with a Hillis touchdown run, along with another Dawson field goal with 2:59 remaining in the game.  With Cleveland holding a 27-12 lead, Indianapolis was able to score their first touchdown of the game, allowing them to try an onside kick to preserve any chance of a comeback, which they were not able to convert.  Cleveland finished the game and the Colts by winning 27-19, their first victory over the Colts since 1994, and the Colts first 0-2 start since the 1998 season.

Which team went scoreless in the first quarter?

Answer:
Browns