Input: On 28 March 1193 Richard was brought to Speyer and handed over to Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor, who imprisoned him in Trifels Castle. Henry VI was aggrieved by the support the Plantagenets had given to the family of Henry the Lion and by Richard's recognition of Tancred in Sicily. Henry VI needed money to raise an army and assert his rights over southern Italy and continued to hold Richard for ransom.  In response, Pope Celestine III excommunicated Henry VI, as he had Duke Leopold, for the continued wrongful imprisonment of Richard. Richard famously refused to show deference to the emperor and declared to him, "I am born of a rank which recognises no superior but God". Despite his complaints, the conditions of his captivity were not severe. The emperor demanded that 150,000 marks  be delivered to him before he would release the king, the same amount raised by the Saladin tithe only a few years earlier, and 2-3 times the annual income for the English Crown under Richard. Richard's mother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, worked to raise the ransom. Both clergy and laymen were taxed for a quarter of the value of their property, the gold and silver treasures of the churches were confiscated, and money was raised from the scutage and the carucage taxes. At the same time, John, Richard's brother, and King Philip of France offered 80,000 marks for the Emperor to hold Richard prisoner until Michaelmas 1194. The emperor turned down the offer. The money to rescue the King was transferred to Germany by the emperor's ambassadors, but "at the king's peril" , and finally, on 4 February 1194 Richard was released. Philip sent a message to John: "Look to yourself; the devil is loose".

Question: Who demanded?


Input: Following a terrible loss to the Browns, the Steelers returned home for a duel against the Texans on Monday Night Football.  The Texans started out strong when Ryan Fitzpatrick found Alfred Blue on an 11-yard pass for a 7-0 lead and the only score of the first quarter.  In the 2nd quarter, the Texans increased their lead as Randy Bullock nailed 2 field goals from 39 and 38 yards out for 10-0 and 13-0 leads.  The Steelers finally got on the board and scored 24 unanswered points:  first starting with Shaun Suisham who nailed a 44-yard field goal for a 13-3 game followed up by Ben Roethlisberger finding Martavis Bryant on a 35-yard TD pass for a 13-10 game and eventually took the lead on Antonio Brown's 1-yard TD pass to Lance Moore 17-13 and lastly Roethlisberger hooking up with Le'Veon Bell on a 2-yard TD pass for a 24-13 halftime lead.  After a scoreless 3rd quarter, the Texans came within 8 as Bullock kicked a 31-yard field goal for a 24-16 game not long before the Steelers responded with 2 of their own from Suisham when he got them from 30 and 40 yards out for leads of 27-16 and 30-16.  Finally, Fitzpatrick was able to find Arian Foster on a 1-yard TD pass and this led to the final score of 30-23.

Question: How many more total yards of field goals did Shaun Suisham make than Randy Bullock?


Input: The Cardinals' third game was an Interconference duel with the Raiders. The Cardinals led early in the first quarter when RB LaRod Stephens-Howling returned a kickoff from his own goal line to the endzone running 102 yards for a touchdown. The Raiders replied and took the lead with QB Bruce Gradkowski completing a 22-yard touchdown pass to TE Zach Miller, followed by kicker Sebastian Janikowski making a 22-yard field goal. Arizona replied with kicker Jay Feely kicking a 42-yard field goal. Then the Raiders replied with Janikowski making a 54-yard field goal. The Cardinals took the lead in the 2nd quarter when QB Derek Anderson made a 2-yard TD pass to WR Steve Breaston, but it didn't last very long after RB Darren McFadden got a 2-yard TD run. Arizona got the lead back in the 3rd quarter when Anderson found WR Larry Fitzgerald on an 8-yard TD pass. In the 4th quarter Oakland cut the lead when Janikowski made a 23-yard field goal. Janikowski missed three field goals in the game, giving Arizona the win.

Question: How many points had both teams made  at half time?


Input: After the defeat of the Guarani rebels, the Spanish and Portuguese forced the Guarani to abandon the seven reductions that had been ceded to Portugal in the Treaty of Madrid and to move to Spanish controlled lands. According to a census conducted in 1756 the population of the Guarani from the seven missions was 14,284, which was about 15,000 less than the population in 1750. The former Jesuit missions were occupied by the Portuguese-Brazilians until 1759 when Spain unilaterally ended the Treaty of Madrid and reclaimed the lands of the seven missions. The border of the La Plata colonial region was finalized by the Treaty of San Ildefonso in 1777.

Question:
How many years after the end of the Treaty of Madrid was the La Plata border finalized?