Q: Polin succeeded ambassador Antoine de Rincon  in Constantinople. In early 1542, Polin successfully negotiated the details of a Franco-Ottoman alliance for the Italian War of 1542-1546, with the Ottoman Empire promising to send 27,500 troops against the territories of the Spanish king Ferdinand, as well as 110 galleys against Charles, while France promised to attack Flanders, harass the coasts of Spain with a naval force, and send 40 galleys to assist the Turks for operations in the Levant. Polin tried to convince Venice to join the alliance, but in vain. The execution of the alliance would most notably lead to the Franco-Ottoman Siege of Nice in 1543. In July 1543, Polin sailed on board the Ottoman fleet of Barbarossa to the Île Saint-Honorat in the Lérins Islands off Cannes on 5 July 1543, only to find very little ready for the offensive on the French side. Polin went to see king Francis I of France to obtain troops, which led to the Siege of Nice in August 1543. Polin supervised the wintering of the Ottomans at Toulon.
How many years did the Italian War continue for?
A: 4

Q: The Black Death had killed an estimated one-third of the population of France from its appearance in 1348.  The concurrent Hundred Years' War slowed recovery.  It would be the early 16th century before the population recovered to mid-14th century levels. With an estimated population of 11 million in 1400, 20 million in the 17th century, and 28 million in 1789, until 1795 France was the most populated country in Europe  and the third most populous country in the world, behind only China and India. These demographic changes also led to a massive increase in urban populations, although on the whole France remained a profoundly rural country.  Paris was one of the most populated cities in Europe .  Other major French cities include Lyon, Rouen, Bordeaux, Toulouse, and Marseille. These centuries saw several periods of epidemics and crop failures due to wars and climatic change.  Between 1693 and 1694, France lost 6% of its population. In the extremely harsh winter of 1709, France lost 3.5% of its population. In the past 300 years, no period has been so proportionally deadly for the French, both World Wars included.
When did France lose the second most of its population?
A: 

Q: The Redskins played the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in their fourth regular season game of the year.  Washington fumbled early in the game, giving the Buccaneers possession of the ball at the Redskins' 10-yard line. Tampa Bay scored on quarterback Josh Johnson's 8-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Antonio Bryant in the first quarter. Mike Nugent's 37-yard field goal in the second quarter gave the Buccaneers a 10-point lead. In the third quarter, the Redskins kicker Shaun Suisham made a 42-yard field goal.  Afterwards, Jason Campbell completed a 17-yard touchdown pass to tight end Chris Cooley. The point after was blocked. The Redskins also scored when Campbell threw a 59-yard pass to wide receiver Santana Moss.  Nugent successfully kicked a 22-yard field goal in the fourth quarter; setting the final score of Washington 16 to Tampa Bay 13. Josh Johnson saw his first NFL start. Jason Campbell finished the day with three interceptions and two touchdowns.
How many total field goal yards did Mike Nugent make?
A: 59

Q: The Broncos traveled to Arrowhead Stadium for an AFC West rematch with the Kansas City Chiefs.  This was a historic game as NFL Network began their season with a 3rd NFL game on Thanksgiving.  In the 1960s, Kansas City hosted three Thanksgiving Day games.  For this battle, QB Jake "The Snake" Plummer was fighting for his starting job. In the first quarter, the Broncos trailed early as K.C.'s Lawrence Tynes kicked a 24-yard field goal for the only score of the period.  In the second quarter, Denver's defensive problem continued as RB Larry Johnson got a 1-yard TD run.  The Broncos would finally score as kicker Jason Elam nailed a 31-yard field goal.  In the third quarter, Tynes helped the Chiefs get a 34-yard field goal, while Plummer completed a 1-yard TD pass to TE Stephen Alexander.  In the fourth quarter, Tynes gave Kansas City a 29-yard and a 21-yard field goal.  The Broncos tried to respond, but K.C.'s improved defense stopped any hope of a comeback.  With the loss, Denver fell to 7-4.
How many yards longer was Elam's average yards of field goals than Tynes' average yards of field gaols?
A:
4