Q: For about three centuries, the Qing dynasty had enforced—albeit with mixed success—a policy of segregating the non-Han peoples  on the frontier from Han Chinese. By the end of the 19th century, however, China faced the prospect of being parcelled out among the Western powers and Japan, each competing for its own sphere of influence in the country. On the northern frontier, Russian Empire was viewed by the Qing court as posing the greatest threat to its territorial integrity. In response, the Qing government adopted a different policy, the "New Administration" or "New Policies" , which called for the sinification of Mongolia through Chinese colonisation, the exploitation of Mongolia's natural resources , military training, and education. Many Mongols regarded the "New Policies" as a major threat to their traditional way of life, as was agreed to be preserved when they recognised authority of the Qing emperors, and began to seek independence. In July 1911 a group of Khalkha nobles persuaded the Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, the head of Mongolian Buddhism , that Mongolia must declare its independence from the Qing dynasty. They agreed to send a small delegation to Russia to obtain its assistance in this undertaking. In October 1911 revolution broke out in China, with one province after another declaring its independence from the Qing government. On 1 December 1911 Outer Mongolia declared independence, and established a theocracy under the Khutuktu. On 29 December he was installed as the Bogd Khaan  of Mongolia. This ushered in the Bogd Khaan era, which lasted from 1911 to 1919.
How many months after a group of Khalkha nobles persuaded the Jebtsundamba Khutuktu that Mongolia must declare its independence from the Qing dynasty did a revolution break out in China?

A: 3


Q: Coming off their home win over the Browns, the Ravens flew to Heinz Field for their first road game of the year, as they played a Week 4 MNF duel with the throwback-clad Pittsburgh Steelers.  In the first quarter, Baltimore trailed early as Steelers kicker Jeff Reed got a 49-yard field goal.  The Ravens responded with kicker Matt Stover getting a 33-yard field goal.  Baltimore gained the lead in the second quarter as Stover kicked a 20-yard field goal, while rookie quarterback Joe Flacco completed his first career touchdown pass as he hooked up with TE Daniel Wilcox from 4 yards out. In the third quarter, Pittsburgh took the lead with quarterback Ben Roethlisberger completing a 38-yard TD pass to WR Santonio Holmes, along with LB James Harrison forcing a fumble from Flacco with LB LaMarr Woodley returning the fumble 7 yards for a touchdown.  In the fourth quarter, the Steelers increased their lead with Reed getting a 19-yard field goal.  Afterwards, the Ravens tied the game with RB Le'Ron McClain getting a 2-yard TD run.  However, despite winning the coin toss in overtime, Baltimore was unable to gain ground.  In the end, Pittsburgh sealed Baltimore's fate as Reed nailed the game-winning 46-yard field goal.
How many yards was the difference between the longest field goal and the longest touchdown?

A: 3


Q: In 1860, there were 20,000 professionals in Russia and 85,000 by 1900. Originally composed of educated nobles, the intelligentsia became dominated by raznochintsy (class-less people) after 1861. In 1833, 78.9 per cent of secondary-school students were children of nobles and bureaucrats, by 1885 they were 49.1 per cent of such students. The proportion of commoners increased from 19.0 to 43.8 per cent, and the remaining percentage were the children of priests. In fear of an educated proletariat, Tsar Nicholas I of Russia limited the number of university students to 3,000 per year, yet there were 25,000 students, by 1894. Similarly the number of periodicals increased from 15 in 1855 to 140 periodical publications in 1885. The "third element" were professionals hired by zemstva. By 1900, there were 47,000 of them, most were liberal radicals.
How many more periodical publications in 1885 than in 1855?

A: 125


Q: Theobald I of Lorraine died in May 1220 under mysterious circumstances, and to seal the peace the 19-year-old Theobald IV of Champagne married Lorraine's 16-year-old widow, Gertrude of Dagsburg.  Duke Theobald I's brother Matthew II, who succeeded in Lorraine, made peace and swore fealty to Blanche.  Bishop William of Langres was elected archbishop of Reims in 1219, resulting in his fortuitous departure from the conflict.  Erard renounced any claim on Champagne on 2 November 1221 and Philippa in April 1222.  In return for renouncing his claims, Erard received a substantial cash settlement.  The last rebel baron, Erard II of Chacernay, swore his renewed loyalty to Theobald IV in March 1222.  Two months later in May 1222, Theobald IV reached the age of maturity and began his reign as count, and the triumphant Countess-Regent Blanche withdrew to the Cistercian convent of Argensolles for her retirement.
When was Gertrude of Dagsburg born?

A: