Input: The first decades were marked by Jacobite risings which ended with defeat for the Stuart cause at Battle of Culloden in 1746. In 1763, Great Britain in the Seven Years War led to the growth of the First British Empire. With the defeat by the United States, France and Spain in the War of American Independence, Britain lost its 13 American colonies and rebuilt a Second British Empire based in Asia and Africa.  As a result, culture of the United Kingdom, and its technological, political, constitutional, and linguistic influence, became worldwide.  Politically, the central event was the French Revolution And its Napoleonic aftermath, 1793–1815, which British elites saw as a profound threat, and worked energetically to form multiple coalitions that finally defeated Napoleon in 1815. The Tories, who came to power in 1783, remained in power (with a short interruption) until 1830. Forces of reform, often emanating from the Evangelical religious elements, opened decades of political reform that broadened the ballot, and opened the economy to free trade. The outstanding political leaders of the 19th century included Palmerston, Disraeli, Gladstone, and Salisbury.  Culturally the Victorian era (Queen Victoria reigned 1837–1901) was a time of prosperity and dominant middle-class virtues when Britain dominated the world economy and maintained a generally peaceful century, 1815–1914. The First World War (1914–1918), in alliance with France, Russia and the United States, was a furious but ultimately successful total war with Germany. The resulting League of Nations was a favorite project in Interwar Britain. However, while the Empire remained strong, As did the London financial markets, the British industrial base began to slip behind Germany and especially the United States. Sentiments for peace were so strong that the nation supported appeasement of Hitlers Germany in the late 1930s, until the Nazi invasion of Poland in 1939 opened the World War II. In the World War II 1939–45, France, the Soviet Union the U.S. joined Britain as Allies of World War II. Britain and its Empire faced near defeat at several points, 1940–42, but finally crushed Germany, Italy and Japan.

Question: What countries were ahead of Britain industrially?


Input: Hoping to rebound from their divisional road loss to the Chiefs, the Broncos went home for a Week 5 interconference duel with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.  In the first quarter, Denver trailed early as Bucs kicker Matt Bryant got a 33-yard field goal.  In the second quarter, the Broncos took the lead as kicker Matt Prater got a 55-yard and a 40-yard field goal.  Tampa Bay would tie the game at halftime as Bryant kicked a 31-yard field goal.  In the third quarter, Denver took a big lead as QB Jay Cutler completed a 10-yard TD pass to WR Brandon Stokley.  In the fourth quarter, the Broncos increased its lead as Prater nailed a 27-yard field goal.  The Buccaneers would try to rally as QB Jeff Garcia completed a 7-yard TD pass to WR Ike Hilliard.  Fortunately, Denver recovered the onside kick and drained the clock.

Question: How many more field goals did Matt Prater kick compared to Bryant?


Input: Coming off their win over the Vikings the Bears played on home ground for an interconference duel with the Jets. In the first quarter the Bears took the lead as kicker Robbie Gould got a 37-yard field goal, followed by Matt Forte getting a 22-yard TD run. They trailed with RB Shonn Greene getting a 3-yard TD run, followed by CB Dwight Lowery returning an interception 20 yards for a touchdown, followed by RB LaDainian Tomlinson getting a 3-yard TD run letting the Jets lead 21-10. The Bears tried to cut the lead as QB Jay Cutler scrambled 2 yards for a touchdown, but the lead was soon extended as kicker Nick Folk made a 26-yard field goal. They got the lead back with Cutler completing a 40 and a 25-yard TD pass to wide receivers Devin Hester and Johnny Knox respectively, but soon the game was tied with QB Mark Sanchez throwing a 23-yard TD pass to WR Santonio Holmes. The Bears escaped the tie with Cutler finding Knox again on a 26-yard TD pass. After a 34-yard field goal from Folk, and the Bears punting, the Jets attempted to score with less than a minute left in the game, but a Chris Harris interception would seal the game for the Bears. With the win, Chicago improved to 11-4, and clinched a first-round bye when the Eagles lost to the Vikings.

Question: Who had the first touchdown reception of the game?


Input: Coming off a home loss to the Bills (along with attending Sean Taylor's funeral in Florida), the Redskins played at home for their Week 13 Thursday night inter-conference game with the Chicago Bears. After a scoreless first quarter, the Redskins scored first when quarterback Todd Collins completed a 21-yard touchdown pass to tight end Todd Yoder for the only score of the second quarter. In the third quarter, Washington's fullback Mike Sellers scored on a 1-yard touchdown run. The Bears would reply with kicker Robbie Gould making a 30-yard field goal, and later quarterback Brian Griese completed a 17-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Bernard Berrian. In the fourth quarter, the Redskins responded with kicker Shaun Suisham kicking a 23-yard field goal. Later, Chicago made it closer as Gould kicked a 22-yard field goal. Afterwards, the Redskins increased their lead with Collins completing a 16-yard touchdown pass to running back Ladell Betts. The Bears would answer with Gould making a 21-yard field goal, but their onside kick failed, which preserved a Washington win. Starting quarterback Jason Campbell (10/16 for 100 yards) left the game in the second quarter with a dislocated left knee cap.

Question:
How many touchdown passes did Todd Collins throw in the second quarter?